214
ﻤﺠﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﻨﺒﺎﺭ ﻟﻠﻌﻠﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻁﺭﻴﺔ، ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻠﺩ
5(
)
، ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ
1(
، )
2012
ISSN:1999-6527
ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﺜﻭﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺯﻨﺠﺒﻴل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﺴﻠﺠﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﻴﻭﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ
ﻟﻔﺭﻭﺝ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻡ ﻭﺍﻷﻏﻨﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺍﻗﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ
ﺃﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﻭﺠﻴﻪ ﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺴﺭﻱ
ﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺭ
ﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﻨﺎﺕ
/
ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ
ﺍﻷﻨﺒﺎﺭ
ﺍﻟﺨﻼﺼ
ﺔ
ﺍﺴﺘﻬﺩﻓﺕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ
ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭﺍﺕ
ﺍﻟﺘﻲ
ﺘ
ﺅﺩﻴﻬﺎ ﻜل ﻤﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺼ
ﻲ
ﺍﻟﺜﻭﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺯﺒﺠﺒﻴل ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻡ
ﺇﻋﻁﺎﺌﻬﺎ
ﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﻓﺭﻭﺝ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻡ ﻭﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ
ﺍﻷﻏﻨﺎﻡ
ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺍﻗﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ
ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﺴﻠﺠﻴﺔ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﺤﺠﻡ ﻜﺭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ
ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺭﺍﺼﺔ
(
P.C.V
)
ﻭﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻴ
ﻤﻭﻜﻠﻭﺒﻴﻥ
) Hb(
ﻭﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩ ﻜﺭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺽ
(
W.B.C
)
ﻭﻜﺫﻟﻙ ﺩﺭﺍﺴـﺔ ﺒﻌـﺽ
ﺍﻟﻔﺤﻭﺼﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻴﻭﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻭﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﻭﺭﻴﺎ ﻭﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻭﻜﻭﺯ ﻭﻜﻭﻟﺴﺘﺭﻭل ﺍﻟﺩﻡ
ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻓﺔ
ﺇﻟﻰ
ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺭﻴﺎﺘﻴﻨﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ
ﻤﺼل ﺍﻟﺩﻡ
.
ﺘﻡ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ
60(
ﻋﻴﻨﺔ
30+
ﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ
)
ﻤﻥ ﻓﺭﻭﺝ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻡ ﻭ
27(
ﻋﻴﻨﺔ
15+
ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ
)
ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻏ
ﻨـﺎﻡ
ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺍﻗﻴﺔ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺠﺭﻋﺕ ﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺹ
ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﻨﺒﺎﺘﺎﺕ
ﻭﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ ﺠﺭﻋـﺕ ﺒﺎﻟﻤـﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻁـﺭ
ﻭﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺍﻜﻴﺯ
,1%, 3%(
5%
ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻔﻔﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺹ
)
ﻟﻨﺒﺎﺘﻲ
(
ﺍﻟﺜﻭﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺯﻨﺠﺒﻴل
)
ﺤﻴﺙ ﺃﻋﻁﻴـﺕ ﻟﻤـﺩﺓ
(
ﺸﻬﺭ ﻭﺍﺤﺩ
)
ﻭﻋﻨﺩ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ ﺘﻡ ﺠﻤﻊ ﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﻭﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺸﻜﻠﻴﻥ ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺤ
ﺎﻭﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﻤﺎﻨﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺨﺜـﺭ
ﻭﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﺨﻀﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﻭﺤﺠﻡ ﺨﻼﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ
ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺼﻭﺼﺔ ﻭﻋﺩﺩ ﺨﻼﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺽ
,
ﻭﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ ﻻ
ﺘﺤﻭﻱ ﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﻤﺎﻨﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺨﺜﺭ ﻴﺴﺘﺨﺭﺝ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺼل ﻟﻼﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻴﻭﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻤﺜل ﻜﻠﻭﻜﻭﺯ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻭﻟﺴﺘﺭﻭ
ل ﻭﻜﻤﻴﺔ
ﺍﻟﻴﻭﺭﻴﺎ ﻭﻜﺭﻴﺎﺘﻴﻨﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ
.
ﻭﻗﺩ
ﺃﻅﻬ
ﺭﺕ
ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ
ﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﺍﻟﺜﻭﻡ
ﺤﺼﻭل ﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻤﻌﻨﻭﻴﺔ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﺤﺘﻤﺎل
(
P≤0.05
)
ﻓﻲ ﻜل ﻤﻥ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﺨﻀﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﻭﺤﺠﻡ ﺨﻼﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﺍ
ﻟﻤﺭﺼﻭﺼﺔ ﻭﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩ ﻜﺭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺽ
,
ﻭﻜـﺫﻟﻙ
ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﻤﻌﻨﻭﻴﺔ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﺤﺘﻤﺎل
(
P≤0.05
)
ﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﻜﻠﻭﻜﻭﺯ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻭﻟﺴﺘﺭﻭل
ﻓﻲ ﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﺍﻟﺜﻭﻡ ﻭﻗﺩ
ﺒﻴﻨﺕ ﺍ
ﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﻋﺩﻡ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻕ ﻤﻌﻨﻭﻱ
ﻓﻲ ﻜل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺭﻴﺎﺘﻴﻨﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻭﺭﻴﺎ
ﻋﻨـﺩ ﺍﺴـﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺼـﻴﻥ
(
ﺍﻟﺜـﻭﻡ
ﻭﺍﻟﺯﻨﺠﺒﻴل
)
ﻭﻋﺩﻡ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻕ ﻤﻌﻨﻭﻱ ﻟﺘﺭﺍﻜﻴﺯ ﺍﻟﻴﻭﺭﻴﺎ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﻌﺎﻤﻠﺔ ﻓﺭﻭﺝ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻡ ﺒﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﺍﻟﺯﻨﺠﺒﻴل
ﻭﻗﺩ
ﺃﻋﻁـﺕ
ﺇﻀﺎﻓﺔ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺼﺎﺕ
ﺃﻋﻠﻰ
ﻓﺭﻕ ﻤﻌﻨﻭﻱ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ
) 5%(
ﻭﻨﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﻤﻥ ﺫﻟﻙ
ﺃﻥ
ﺇﻀﺎﻓﺔ
ﻤـ
ﻭﺍﺩ
ﻋﺸـﺒﻴﺔ
(
ﺜـﻭﻡ
ﻭﺯﻨﺠﺒﻴل
)
ﻭﺘﺠﺭﻴﻌﻬﺎ
ﻟﻠ
ﺤﻴﻭﺍﻨﺎﺕ ﺴﻭﺍﺀ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻁﻴﻭﺭ
ﺃﻭ
ﺃﻏﻨﺎﻡ
ﻟﻪ
ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ
ﺍﻴﺠﺎﺒﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺼﺤﺔ
ﺍﻟﺤﻴﻭﺍﻨﺎﺕ
ﻭﺒﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺘﻘـل
ﻨﺴﺒﺔ
ﺍﻷﻤﺭﺍﺽ
ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺼﻴﺒﻬﺎ ﻭﻤﻘﺎﻭﻤﺘﻬﺎ
ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻓﺔ
ﺇﻟﻰ
ﺇﻨﻬﺎ
ﺴﻭﻑ ﺘﻘﻠل ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺩﻫ
ﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﻭﺘﻘﻠل ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺴـﻜﺭ
ﺍﻟﺩﻡ
,
ﺼﻤ
ﻤﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﺎ ﻋﺸﻭﺍﺌﻴﺎ ﻭﺘﻡ ﺘﺤﻠﻴﻠﻬ
ﺎ
ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎ
ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺘﺤﻠﻴل
(
ANOVA
)
ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﺤﺘﻤـﺎل
(
P≤0.05
.)
Study the effect of aquatic extracts of Allium sativum and Zingiber
officinate on some physiogical and Biochemical characters of Broiler
and Native Iraqi sheep
A.W. J. Al-Dosary
Education College for Women\ University of Anbar
Abstract
This study aimed to know the positive effects of Allium sativum and Zingiber
officinate extracts on Iraq sheep's and chickens. The study involved the physiologic
traits of those animals such as packed cell volume (PCV), of erythrocytes hemoglobin
quantity (Hb), leucocytes count (WBC) and urea,glucose,cholesterol,creatine volues in
blood serum of the animal. We study the effect of medicine plant herbs and their effect
215
on some study characters to testes sample comparative with control sample. (60 sample
30 control) for chicken were used, thirty of which are for control whereas (27 sample +
15 control) for sheep were used control samples feeding with detail water. The water+
extracts were used in concentrations of (1, 3, 5 %) for one month. At the end of the
experiments, blood samples were collected in two groups one contained anticoagulant
material to calculate Hb, PCV and WBC count. The other contrined no anticoagulant
was used to find blood glucose,cholesterol,urea and creative values. The results of garlic
.extract showed significant increase (P<0.05) in Hb, PCV, WBC count concentrations
There was also significant difference (P<0.05) in blood glucose, cholesterol and urea
.while no significa difference appeared in the case of creative in both garlic and ginger
There is no significant difference in urea concentration in chicken fed with ginger
extract. The highest significant difference was with the concentration of 5%. We
concluded that the addition of medical plant extracts (garlic and ginger) on the food of
animals whether they birds or sheep has positive effect on the health of those animals
which lead to a decrease in the diseases that infect them and increase their resistance to
it. Those extracts work also to lower the blood fats and glucose. The experiments were
.randomly designed and statistically analyzed by use (ANOVA) method at 0.05 level
ﺍﻟﻤﻘـﺩﻤ
ﺔ
ﺇﻥ
ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﺔ ﺘﺤﺘﻭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻴﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻜﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﺔ ﻭﺫﺍﺕ
ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭﺍﺕ
ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻭﻫﻲ
ﺇﻤﺎ
ﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩﺓ ﻓـﻲ
ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺕ
ﺃﻭ
ﺒﺸﻜل ﻨﻭﺍﺘﺞ ﺍﻴﻀﻴﺔ ﻭﺘﻘﺴﻡ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ
ﺃﻤﺎ
ﻨﻭﻉ ﺴﺎﻡ ﻭﻗﺎﺘل
ﺃﻭ
ﻤﻔﻴﺩ ﻭﻤﻐﺫﻱ
) 1(
ﻭﻗﺩ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺕ
ﺍﻷﻋﺸﺎﺏ
ﻓﻲ ﻋﻼﺝ ﻤﺸﺎﻜل ﺼﺤﻴﺔ ﺘﻅﻬﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍﺠﻥ ﻟﺫﻟﻙ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍ
ﻟﻨﺒﺎﺘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻁﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺼ
ﺎﺘﻬﺎ ﻟﻔﺎﺌﺩﺘﻬﺎ
ﻓﻲ ﺘﺤﺴﻴﻥ ﺼﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍﺠﻥ
) 2(
ﻭﺘﻜﻭﻥ
ﺒﻌﺽ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺼﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺘﻴﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ
ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ
ﻤﺤﻔﺯ ﻟﻠﺠﻬﺎﺯ
ﺍﻟﻬﻀﻤﻲ
ﻟﻠﺤﻴﻭﺍﻨﺎﺕ
ﻭﺍﻟﻁﻴﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﺠﻨﺔ
ﺇﺫ
ﺘﺤﺴﻥ ﻭﻅﻴﻔﺔ
ﺍﻷﻋﻀﺎﺀ
ﻭﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺩ ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﻴﺅﺩﻱ
ﺇﻟﻰ
ﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ
ﺍﻷﻨﺯﻴﻤﺎﺕ
ﺍﻟﻬﺎﻀﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺯﻴﺩ
ﻤﻥ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟ
ﻐﺫﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻨﺎﻭل ﻭﺴﺩ ﺤﺎﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻐﺫﺍﺌﻴﺔ
) 3(
ﺇﻥ
ﺍﻹﻀﺎﻓﺎﺕ
ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻔﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﺘﻌﺩ
ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺅﺜﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺘﺤﺴﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻭ ﻭﻜﺫﻟﻙ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻭﻴل ﺍﻟﻐﺫﺍﺌﻲ ﻓﻲ
ﺍﻷﻏﻨﺎﻡ
ﻟﺫﻟﻙ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺕ ﻨﺒﺎﺘﺎﺕ
ﻭﺃﻋﺸـﺎﺏ
ﻁﺒﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻭﺍﺕ
ﺍﻷﺨﻴﺭﺓ
ﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﻭﺍﻨﺎﺕ
)4(
،
ﻭﻗﺩ ﺘﻡ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺼﺎﺕ
ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺘﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻼﺝ ﻜﺜﻴـﺭ ﻤـﻥ
ﺍﻷﻤﺭﺍﺽ
ﻭﺨﺎﺼﺔ
ﺃﻤﺭﺍﺽ
ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﺴﻲ
ﻟﻠﺤﻴﻭﺍﻥ
) 5(
ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺭﻏﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺘﻘﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﻁﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻴﺩﻟﺔ
ﺇﻻ
ﺇﻥ
ﻭﺠـﻭﺩ
ﺍﻟﻌﻁﺎﺭﻴﻥ ﻭﻤﻤﺎﺭﺴﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﺝ
ﺒﺎﻷﻋﺸﺎﺏ
ﻭﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ
ﻋﻠﻴﻬ
ﺎ
ﻟﺫﻟﻙ
ﻴﺤﺙ
ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻨﺏ ﻭﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ
ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭﺍﺘﻬﺎ
ﺍﻹﻴﺠﺎﺒﻴﺔ
.)6(
ﻭﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺘﻡ ﺍﺴﺘﺨ
ﺩﺍﻡ ﻨﻭﻋﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻓﻭﺍﺌﺩ ﻋﺩﺓ ﻭﻫﻲ
ﺍﻟﺜﻭﻡ ﻭﺍﺴـﻤﻪ
ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ
(
Allium Sativum
)
ﻭﺍﺴﻤﻪ
ﺍﻹﻨﻜﻠﻴﺯﻱ
(
Garlic
)
ﻭﻫﻭ ﻤﻥ ﻋﺎﺌﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺯﻨﺒﻘﻴﺎﺕ
Littaceae
ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺯﺀ ﺍﻟـﺫﻱ
ﻴﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻤﻨﻪ
ﻫﻭ
ﺍﻟ
ﻔﺼﻭﺹ
،
ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻭﻡ ﻴﺤﺘﻭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺯﻴﻭﺕ ﻁﻴﺎﺭﺓ
ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻓﺔ
ﺇﻟﻰ
ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﻴﺤﺘﻭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻴﺘﺎﻤﻴﻨﺎﺕ
B2
ﻭ
B1
ﻭ
A
ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻭﻤﻴﻥ ﻭﺴﻜﺭ ﻭﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺼﺎﺒﻭﻨﻴﺔ
ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻓﺔ
ﺇﻟﻰ
ﺍﻻﻟﺴﻴﻥ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻤـﺎﺩﺓ ﺘﺴـﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻟﺘﺴـﻜﻴﻥ
ﺍﻵﻻﻡ
ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻀﻌﻴﺔ
.)7(
ﻭﻗﺩ ﺃﺜﺒﺘﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻥ ﻟﻠﺜﻭﻡ
ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﻟﺴﺘﺭﻭل ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﺤﻴﺙ ﻴﻘﻠل ﻨﺴﺒﺘﻪ ﻭﺃﻴﻀﺎ ﻟـﻪ ﺩﻭﺭ
ﻓﻲ ﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﻼﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﺭﻁﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺤﻴﺙ ﻴﺤﺙ ﺍﻟﺨﻼﻴﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻜﻭﻴﻥ ﻤﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﻀﺩ ﺍﻟ
ﺴﺭﻁﺎﻥ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﻌﺎﻤﻠﺘﻬﺎ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﺴـﺘﺨﻠﺹ
.)8(
ﺃﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﻫﻭ ﺍﻟﺯﻨﺠﺒﻴـل ﻭﺍﺴـﻤﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤـﻲ
(
Zingiber
Officinate
)
ﻭﺍﺴﻤﻪ
ﺍﻹﻨﻜﻠﻴﺯﻱ
(
Ginger
)
ﻭﻫﻭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺌﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺯﻨﺠﺒﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﻤﻥ ﻨﺒﺎﺘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺭﺓ ﻴﺤﺘﻭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺯﻴﻭﺕ ﻁﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﻁﻌﻡ ﻻﺫﻉ
)9(
،
ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺯﺀ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻤﻨﻪ ﻫﻭ ﺍﻟﺠﺫﺭ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﻨﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻴﻙ ﻭﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﻤﺘﻔﺭﻉ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﻨﺘﻅﻡ ﻭﻫﻭ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺸﻜل ﺭﺍﻴﺯﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﺃﺸﺒﻪ ﺒﺩﺭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻁﺎﻁﺎ
.)10(
ﻭﻗﺩ ﺃﺜﺒﺘﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺏ ﺍﻨﻪ ﻴﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻜﻤﻀﺎﺩ ﺤﻴﻭﻱ ﻟﻠﻘﺊ ﻭﻁـﺎﺭﺩ
ﻟﻠﻐﺎﺯﺍﺕ ﻭﻴﻘﺎﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﺯﻜﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻷﻨﻔﻠﻭﻨﺯﺍ
) 11(
ﻭﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﺠﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻨﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺯﻨﺠﺒﻴل ﻤﻥ ﺃﻗﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺎ
ﻨﻌﺔ
ﻟﻸﻜﺴﺩﺓ
) 12(
ﻭﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺯﻨﺠﺒﻴل ﻭﺇﺩﺨﺎﻟﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺫﺍﺀ ﺍﻷﻏﻨﺎﻡ ﻭﻜﺫﻟﻙ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍﺠﻥ ﻟﻭﺤﻅ ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻙ ﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﺯﻨﻴﺔ ﻓـﻲ
216
ﺍﻟﺤﻴﻭﺍﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺏ
،
ﺤﻴﺙ ﺍﻨﻪ ﻴﺤﺘﻭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺎﺩﺓ
Oleoresin
ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻘﻠل ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﻟﺴﺘﺭﻭل ﻓﻲ
ﺍﻷﻤﻌﺎﺀ ﻭﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻁﺭﺤﻪ ﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﺇﻓﺭﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺭﺍﺀ
. )13(
ﻭﺘﻌﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺘﺎ
ﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺘﺎﺕ
ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻤﺔ
ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺼﺤﺔ ﺍﻟ
ﺤﻴﻭﺍﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻨﺸﺎﻁﻬﺎ
،
ﻭﺘﺘﺄﺜﺭ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺩﻤﻴﺔ ﺒﺎﺨﺘﻼﻑ ﻤﻜﻭﻨﺎﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﺫﻟﻙ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺃﻭﺯﺍﻥ
ﺍﻟﺤﻴﻭﺍﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺇﻨﺘﺎﺠﻴﺘﻬﺎ
. )14(
ﻭﻟﻘﺩ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺕ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺼﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻟﻌﻼﺝ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻤﺭﺍﺽ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﻴﻥ ﺒﺎﻷ
ﻋﺸﺎﺏ ﺤﻴﺙ ﻭﺠﺩ ﺇﻨﻬﺎ ﺘﻌﺎﻟﺞ ﺃﻤﺭﺍﺽ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﺴﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻬﻀﻤﻲ ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ ﻜﻤﺎ ﺇﻨﻬﺎ ﻻ ﺘﺘﺭﻙ ﺁﺜـﺎﺭ
ﺠﺎﻨﺒﻴﺔ
) 15(
ﻭﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺘﻡ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻨﺒﺎﺘﻲ ﺍﻟﺜﻭﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺯﻨﺠﺒﻴل ﻭﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭﻫـﺎ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺒﻌـﺽ ﺍﻟﻌﻭﺍﻤـل ﺍﻟﻔﺴـﻠﺠﻴﺔ
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﻴﻭﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﻓﺭﻭﺝ
ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻡ ﻭﺍﻷﻏﻨﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺍﻗﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ
.
ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﻭﻁﺭﺍﺌﻕ ﺍﻟ
ﻌﻤ
ـل
-
ﺍﻷﺠﻬﺯﺓ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺔ
:
ﻓﺭﻥ ﻜﻬﺭﺒﺎﺌﻲ
،
ﺨﻼﻁ ﻤﻐﻨﺎﻁﻴﺴﻲ
,
ﺠﻬﺎﺯ ﻁﺭﺩ ﻤﺭﻜـﺯﻱ
Heamato Creat
ﻤﻁﺤﻨـﺔ
ﻜﻬﺭﺒﺎﺌﻴﺔ
،
ﺨﻼﻁ ﻜﻬﺭﺒﺎﺌﻲ
،
ﻤﺠﻔﻑ ﻨﻤﺎﺫﺝ
،
ﺠﻬﺎﺯ ﻁﺭﺩ ﻤﺭﻜﺯﻱ
،
ﻤﻴﺯﺍﻥ ﺤﺴﺎﺱ
،
ﺜﻼﺠـﺔ
،
ﺠﻔﻨـﺎﺕ ﺨﺯﻓﻴـﺔ
،
ﺯﺠﺎﺠﻴﺎﺕ ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ
.
-
ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺔ
:
ﺘﻡ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﻫﻲ
(
ﺍﻟﺜﻭﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺯﻨﺠﺒﻴل
)
ﻭﺍ
ﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻡ ﺸﺭﺍﺌﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴـﺔ
ﻭﻋﻭﻤﻠﺕ ﺤﺴﺏ ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺨﻼﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺌ
ﻴﺔ ﻻﺴﺘﺨﺭﺍﺝ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ
،
ﻋﺩﺓ ﺘﺸﺨﻴﺼﻴﺔ
) Kit(
ﺤﺴـﺏ
ﻨﻭﻉ ﺍﻻﺨﺘﺒ
ﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﻴﻭﺭﻴﺎ
–
ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﻟﺴﺘﺭﻭل
–
ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺭﻴﺎﺘﻴﻨﻴﻥ
–
ﺴﻜﺭ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ
–
ﻤﺤﻠـﻭل
ﺘﺭﻜﻲ
Turky Solution
ﻟﻌﺩ ﻜﺭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺽ
.
-
ﺘﺤ
ﻀﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺼﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺘﻴﺔ
:
•
ﺍﻟﺜﻭﻡ
:
ﺘﻡ ﺍﺨﺫ ﻓﺼﻭﺹ ﺍﻟﺜﻭﻡ ﻭﺒﻌﺩ ﻏﺴﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﺘﺠﻔﻴﻔﻬﺎ ﻁﺤﻨﺕ ﺒﻭﺍﺴﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﺤﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺭﺒﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺜﻡ
ﻨﺄﺨﺫ
10(
ﻏﻡ
)
ﻤﻥ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺤﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻑ ﻭﻴﻤﺯﺝ ﻤﻊ
100(
ﻤل
)
ﻤﺎﺀ ﻤﻘﻁﺭ ﻭﻴﺨﻠﻁ ﺒﻭﺍﺴﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﻼﻁ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺭﺒﺎﺌﻲ ﻟﻤﺩﺓ ﻨﺼـﻑ ﺴـﺎﻋﺔ
ﺒﻌﺩﻫﺎ ﺘﻡ ﺘﺭﺸﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻴﻁ ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻁﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﻤ
ﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺵ ﺍﻟﻁ
ﺒﻲ ﻟﻠﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻭﺍﻟﻕ
،
ﺒﻌﺩ ﺫﻟﻙ ﻁـﺭﺩ ﻤﺭﻜﺯﻴـﺎ
ﺒﺴﺭﻋﺔ
3000
ﺩﻭﺭﺓ
/
ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﻟﻤﺩﺓ
10
ﺩﻗﺎﺌﻕ
،
ﺜﻡ ﺭﺸﺢ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ
ﺃﻭﺭﺍﻕ
ﺘﺭﺸﻴﺢ ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻭل ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﻤﺤﻠﻭل ﺭﺍﺌﻕ
،
ﺠﻔﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻥ ﺒﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺤﺭﺍﺭﺓ
40(
ﻡ
) °
ﺜﻡ ﺤﻔﻅ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺠﺔ ﺒﺩﺭﺠﺔ
4-6(
)°ﻡ
ﻟﺤﻴﻥ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ
.)16(
•
ﺍﻟﺯﻨﺠﺒﻴل
:
ﺘﻡ
ﺇﺤ
ﻀﺎﺭ
ﺠﺫﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺯﻨﺠﺒﻴل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟ
ﺴﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﻏﺴﻠﺕ ﻭﺠﻔﻔﺕ ﺜﻡ ﻁﺤﻨﺕ
،
ﺍﺨﺫ
10(
ﻏـﻡ
)
ﻤـﻥ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺤﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻑ ﻟﻠﺯﻨﺠﺒﻴل ﻭﻤﺯﺝ ﻤﻊ
100(
ﻤل
)
ﻤﺎﺀ ﻤﻘﻁﺭ ﻭﺨﻠﻁ ﺒﻭﺍﺴﻁﺔ
ﺍﻟﺨﻼﻁ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺭﺒﺎﺌﻲ ﻟﻤﺩﺓ ﻨﺼـﻑ
ﺴﺎﻋﺔ
،
ﺒﻌﺩﻫﺎ ﺭﺸﺢ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻴﻁ ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻁﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺵ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻲ ﻭﻁﺭﺩ ﻤﺭﻜﺯﻴﺎ ﺒﺴﺭﻋﺔ
3000
ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﺒﺎﻟﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ
ﻟﻤﺩﺓ
)10(
ﺩﻗﺎﺌﻕ
،
ﺜﻡ ﺭﺸﺢ ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ
ﺃﻭﺭﺍﻕ
ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺸﻴﺢ ﻟﻠﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻭﺍﺌﺏ
،
ﺠﻔﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺴـﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﺒﺎﺴـﺘﻌﻤﺎل
ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻥ ﺒﺩﺭﺠﺔ
40(
ﻡ
) °
ﺜﻡ ﺠﻔﻑ ﺒﺎﻟﺜﻼﺠﺔ ﻟﺤﻴﻥ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ
.)17(
-
ﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ
:
ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺕ ﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﻓﺭﻭﺝ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻡ
60(
ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ
30 +
ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ
)
ﻓﻘﺩ
ﺃﻋﻁﻴﺕ
ﻫـﺫﻩ
ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﺍﻟﺜ
ﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺌﻲ ﺒﺎﻟ
ﺘﺠﺭﻴﻊ ﻋﻥ ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﻔﻡ
،
ﻭﻗﺴﻤﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ
ﺇﻟﻰ
ﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﻤﺠﺎﻤﻴﻊ ﻜل ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋـﺔ
ﺃﻋﻁﻴﺕ
ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﺤﺴﺏ ﻤﺎ
ﻴﺄﺘﻲ
(
5%,3%,1%
ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻔﻔﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺹ
Stock solution
)
ﻭﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ
ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ ﺠﺭﻋﺕ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻁﺭ
ﻭﻗﺩ ﺃﺠﺭﻴﺕ
ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺤﻘﻭل
ﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺯﺭﺍﻋﺔ
/
ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ
ﺍﻷﻨﺒﺎﺭ
ﻭﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ
ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﺭ
،
ﻤ
ﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ ﺸﻬﺭ ﻭﺍﺤﺩ ﺒﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺠﺭﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﺤﺩﺓ ﻴﻭﻤﻴﺎ ﺒﻌﺩﻫﺎ ﺘﻡ ﺠﻤﻊ ﻋﻴﻨـﺎﺕ ﺍﻟـﺩﻡ ﻭﺘﺭﻜـﺕ
ﺍﻟﺤﻴﻭﺍﻨﺎﺕ ﻟﻤﺩﺓ
ﺃﺴﺒﻭﻉ
ﻭﺍﺤﺩ ﺒﻌﺩﻫﺎ
ﺃﻋﻁﻴﺕ
ﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﺍﻟﺯﻨﺠﺒﻴل ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺌﻲ ﻟﻤﺩﺓ ﺸﻬﺭ ﻭﺍﺤﺩ ﻭﺒﻤﻌﺩل ﺠﺭﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﺤﺩﺓ
ﻴﻭﻤﻴﺎ ﺒﻌﺩﻫﺎ ﺴﺤﺒﺕ ﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ
ﻭﺃﺠﺭﻴﺕ
ﺍﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ
.
ﺃﻤﺎ
ﺒﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ
ﺍﻷﻏﻨﺎﻡ
ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻋـﺩﺩﻫﺎ
27(
ﻋ
ﻴﻨـﺔ
ﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ
15 +
ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ
)
ﻭﻗﺩ
ﺃﺠﺭﻴﺕ
ﻟﻬﺎ ﻨﻔﺱ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺒﻘﺔ ﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﺭﻭﺝ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻡ
.
217
-
ﺍﻻﺨﺘﺒ
ﺎﺭﺍﺕ
:
•
ﺍﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﺴﻠﺠﻴﺔ
:
ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﺤﺠﻡ ﻜﺭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺭﺍﺼﺔ
Packed Cell Volume
ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺕ
ﺍﻷﻨﺎﺒﻴـﺏ
ﺍﻟﺸـﻌﺭﻴﺔ
Capillary tubes
ﻭﺠﻬﺎﺯ ﻓﺼل ﺍﻟﺩﻡ
Haematocreat centerfuge
ﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ
ﺍﻟﻤﺌﻭﻴﺔ ﻟﺤﺠـﻡ ﺨﻼﻴـﺎ ﺍﻟـﺩﻡ
ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺭﺍﺼﺔ
.)14(
ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻲ ﻟﺨﻼﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺽ
.Total Leucocytes Cont
ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺕ ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﻋﺩ ﻜﺭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟـﺩﻡ
ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺽ ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻤﺤﻠﻭل ﺘﺭﻜﻲ
Turkes Fluid
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻀﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺇﻀﺎﻓﺔ
1
ﻤل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻭل ﺍﻟﻤـﺎﺌﻲ
Gentian Volet
(1%
ﺼﺒﻐﺔ
)
ﺇﻟﻰ
105(
ﻤل
)
ﻤﻥ ﺤﺎﻤﺽ ﺃﻟﺨﻠﻴﻙ ﺍﻟﺜﻠ
ﺠﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﺜﻡ ﺇﻀﺎﻓﺔ
98(
ﻤل
)
ﻤﺎﺀ ﻤﻘﻁﺭ
.)18(
•
ﺍﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻴﻭﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﺼل ﺍﻟﺩﻡ
Biochemical Examination For Serum
:
-
ﺘﻘﺩﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻴﻭﺭﻴﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺼل ﺍﻟﺩﻡ
Determiuation Of Serum urea
:
ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺕ ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ
Berthelot Method
ﻟﺘﻘﺩﻴﺭ ﻴﻭﺭﻴﺎ ﻤﺼل ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻌﺘﻤﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺤﻭﻴل ﺍﻟﻴﻭﺭﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺭ
ﻤﺘﺎﻴﻨﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻜﺎﺭﺒﻭﻨﺎﺕ
ﺍﻷﻤﻭﻨﻴﻭﻡ
ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺄﻴﻨﺔ
ﺒﻭﺍﺴﻁﺔ
ﺇﻨﺯﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻴﻭﺭﻴﺯ ﻭﻗﺭﺃﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻁﻭل ﻤﻭﺠﻲ
) 580(
ﻨﺎﻨﻭﻤﻴﺘﺭ
.)18(
-
ﺘﻘﺩﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺭﻴﺎﺘﻴﻨﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺼل ﺍﻟﺩﻡ
Determination of Serum Creatinine
:
ﺘﻡ ﺘﻘﺩﻴﺭ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﺍﻟﻜﺭﻴﺎﺘﻴﻨﻴﻥ
ﻟﻤﺼل ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﺒﺎﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ
(
Joffe
)
ﻭﻗﺭﺃﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻁﻭل ﻤﻭﺠﻲ
)510(
ﻨﺎﻨﻭﻤﻴﺘﺭ
.)18(
-
ﺘﻘﺩﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﻟﺴﺘﺭﻭل ﻓﻲ ﻤﺼل ﺍﻟﺩﻡ
Determination of Serum Cholesterol
:
ﺘﻡ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ
ﺍﻟﻜﻭﻟﺴﺘﺭﻭل ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺫﻜﻭﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺨﻴﺼﻴﺔ
) Kit(
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺼﻨﻌﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﺸﺭﻜﺔ
Linear
Chemicals
ﺍﻻﺴﺒﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﻗﺭﺃﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺠﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻴﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻀﻭﺌﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻁﻭل ﻤﻭﺠﻲ
) 500(
ﻨﺎﻨ
ﻭ
ﻤﻴﺘﺭ
.
-
ﺘﻘﺩﻴﺭ ﺴﻜﺭ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ
:
ﺘﻡ ﺘﻘﺩﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺼل ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺨﻴﺼﻴﺔ
) Kit(
ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻨﻌﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﺸﺭﻜﺔ
Linear Chemicals
ﺍﻻﺴﺒﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﻗﺭﺃﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻁﻭل ﻤﻭﺠﻲ
) 500(
ﻨﺎﻨﻭﻤﻴﺘﺭ
.
-
ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴل
ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻲ
Statistical Analysis
:
ﺼﻤﻤﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ ﻭﻓﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻭﺍﺌﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻤل
(
CRD
)
Complete Randomized Design
ﻭﻗﺩ ﺃﺠﺭﻴﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺎﻟﻴل ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺒﺈﺠﺭﺍﺀ ﺘﺤﻠﻴل
ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻴﻥ
Analysis
Variance
(
ANOVA
)
ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﺤﺘﻤﺎل
(
P≤0.05
.)19) (
ﺍﻟﻨﺘ
ﺎﺌﺞ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨ
ﺎﻗﺸ
ﺔ
ﻴﻅﻬﺭ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل
) 1(
ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﺜﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺭﻉ
ﻟﻸﻏﻨﺎﻡ
ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺍﻗﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﺤﺴﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺍﻜﻴﺯ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ
ﺃﺨﺫﺕ
ﻓـﻲ
ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ ﻭ
ﻫﻲ
1(
،
، 3
)5%
ﻭﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ
ﺇﺫ
ﺘﺸﻴﺭ
ﺇﻟﻰ
ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﻤﻌﻨﻭﻴﺔ
(
P≤0.05
)
ﻋﻨـﺩ ﻤﺴـﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﺤﺘﻤﺎﻟﻴـﺔ
(
0.05
)
ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺠﺭﻋﺕ ﺒﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﺍﻟﺜﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺌﻲ ﺤﻴﺙ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺨﻼﻴﺎ ﺍﻟـﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺭﺍﺼـﺔ
(
P.C.V
23()
،
28
،
29.7
)%
ﻟﻠﻨﺴﺏ
1(
،
، 3
)5%
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺍﻟﻲ
ﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ ﺒﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ
%)22(
ﻭﺍﺯﺩﺍﺩﺕ
ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺤﺠﻡ ﺨﻼﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺭﺍﺼﺔ
ﺒﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﻭﻗﺩ ﻴﻌﺯﻯ ﺴﺒﺏ ﺫﻟﻙ
ﺇﻟﻰ
ﺇﻥ
ﺍﻟﺜﻭﻡ ﻴﺤﺘﻭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﻟﻬﺎ
ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ
ﻤﺤﻔﺯ ﻟﻠﺠﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﻬﻀـﻤﻲ ﻭﺒﺎﻟﺘـﺎﻟﻲ ﺯﻴـﺎﺩﺓ
ﺍﻷﻨﺯﻴﻤﺎﺕ
ﺍﻟﻬﺎﻀﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﺴﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻑ ﺒﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﻜﺎﻤﻠﺔ
) 20(
ﻭﻗﺩ ﺯﺍﺩﺕ ﻗﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﻤﻭﻜﻠﻭﺒﻴﻥ
) Hb(
ﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ ﺒﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ
ﺤﻴﺙ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ
8.1(
،
9.2
،
9.9
ﻏﻡ
/
ml100
)
ﻟﻠﻨﺴﺏ
1(
،
، 3
)% 5
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ
7(
ﻏﻡ
/
ml100
)
ﻭﻴﻌﻭﺩ ﺴﺒﺏ ﺫﻟﻙ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺇﻥ
ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺘﺎﺕ
ﻟﻬﺎ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ
ﺒﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺩﻤﻭﻴﺔ
ﻭﺘﻅﻬﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﻭﺍﻀﺤﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺘﺤﺴﻥ ﺼﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﻭﺍﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻨﺸﺎﻁﻬﺎ
) 21(
ﺃﻤﺎ
ﺒﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻔﺤﺹ
ﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩ
ﺨﻼﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺽ ﺒﻠ
ﻐﺕ ﻗﻴﻡ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺎﺕ ﻜﺭﻴﺎﺕ
ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺽ
(
2700
،
2500
،
2420
/10×
ﻟﺘﺭ
)
ﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ
(
3222
/10×
ﻟﺘﺭ
.)
ﺠﺩﻭل
) 1(
ﻴﻭﻀﺢ
ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﺜﻭﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺒﻌﺽ
ﺼﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ
ﻟﻸﻏﻨﺎﻡ
ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺍﻗﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ
ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ
%pcv
Wbc
10/l×
Hb
g/100ml
Urea
Mg/l
Sugar
Mg/dl
.Chol
Mg/dl
.Cer
Mg/l
1%
23
2700
8.1
19
76
49
0.70
3%
28
2500
9.2
25
70
44
0.76
5%
29.7
2420
9.9
30
59.6
40
0.80
Control
22
3222
7
17
77
115
0.6
LSD5%
1.567
4.220
1.201
3.120
3.267
1.923
0.003
218
ﻭﻴﻌﻭﺩ ﺴﺒﺏ ﺫﻟﻙ
ﺇﻟﻰ
ﺃﻥ
ﺍﻟﺜﻭﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺎﺩﺓ
ﻟﻸﻜﺴﺩﺓ
ﻭﻴﺤﺘﻭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺭﻴﺎﺕ
ﻭﺍﻷﺤﻤﺎﺽ
ﺍﻻﻤﻴﻨﻴـﺔ
ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻴﺘﺎ
ﻤﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻤﺜل ﻓﻴﺘﺎﻤﻴﻥ
B
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻠﻌﺏ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺘﺤﺴﻴﻥ ﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﻭﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﻤﻭﻜﻠﻭﺒﻴﻥ
.)22(
ﻭﻤـﻥ ﺨـﻼل
ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﻤﻼﺤﻅﺔ ﻗﻴﻡ ﺴﻜﺭ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﻤﻌﻨﻭﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻘـﻴﻡ ﺒﺯﻴـﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴـﺯ
76(
،
70
،
59.6
mg/dl
)
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ
) 77(
ﻭﻴﻌﻠل ﺫﻟﻙ ﻫﻭ ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﻭﻡ ﻴﺅﺩﻱ
ﺇﻟﻰ
ﺨﻔﺽ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻭﻜﻭﺯ ﻓﻲ ﺍ
ﻟﺩﻡ ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻤـﺎﺩﺓ
ﺍﻻﻟﻜﺴﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻘﻭﻡ ﺒﺄﻜﺴﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺭﺒﻭﻫﻴﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﻗﺎﺒﻠﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻅﻬﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﻭﺒﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺨﻔﺽ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻭﻜﻭﺯ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ
) 23(
ﺃﻤﺎ
ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﻜﻭﻟﺴﺘﺭﻭل ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﻤﻼﺤﻅﺔ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﻤﻌﻨﻭﻴﺔ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺍﻜﻴﺯ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤـﺙ
ﻭﻫﻲ
1(
،
، 3
.)5%
ﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻗل ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﻫﻭ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻟﺘ
ﺭﻜﻴﺯ
% 5
ﻭﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻡ
49(
،
44
،
40
mg/dl
)
ﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ ﻤـﻊ
ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ
.)115(
ﻭﻗﺩ ﻭﺠﺩ ﺇﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻙ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﻤﻌﻨﻭﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﻟﺴﺘﺭﻭل ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﻭﻗﺩ ﻴﻌﺯﻯ ﺍﻨﺨﻔـﺎﺽ ﺘﺭﻜﻴـﺯ
ﺍﻟﻜﻭﻟﺴﺘﺭﻭل ﻟﻤﺼل ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺇﻨﺯﻴﻡ
Acetylcholine
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺅﻭل ﻋﻥ ﺘﻜﻭﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﻟﺴﺘﺭﻭل ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺩ
) 24(
ﺃﻤﺎ
ﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﻭﺭﻴﺎ ﻓﻘ
ﺩ ﺃﻅﻬﺭﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ
ﻏﻴﺭ
ﻤﻌﻨﻭﻴﺔ ﺒﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﺃﻋﻁﻲ ﻟﻸﻏﻨـﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺍﻗﻴـﺔ
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﻫﻲ
19 ,25 ,30 mg/l(
)
ﻤﻊ ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ
17 mg/l(
)
ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﻴﻌﻭﺩ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ
ﻏﺫﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﻭﺍﻨﺎﺕ ﻗﺩ ﻴﺤﺘﻭﻱ
ﻤﻭﺍﺩ
ﺃﺩﺕ
ﺇﻟﻰ
ﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﻭﺭﻴﺎ ﻭﻟﻡ ﻴﺘﻀﺢ
ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺹ
) 25(
ﺃﻤﺎ
ﻜﺭﻴﺎﺘﻴﻨﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺩ
ﻡ ﻓﻘﺩ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺏ
(
0.70
،
0.76
،
0.80 mg/l
)
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ
) 0.6(
ﻓﻘﺩ ﺃﻅﻬﺭﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻡ ﺍﻟ
ﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﺒﺩﻭﻥ ﺘـﺄﺜﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﺠﺎﻨﺒﻴـﺔ
ﺃﺨﺭﻯ
.
ﻴﺸﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل
) 2(
ﺇﻟﻰ
ﻤﻌﺩﻻﺕ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﺯﻨﺠﺒﻴل ﺒﺜﻼﺙ ﺘﺭﺍﻜﻴﺯ ﻫـﻲ
1(
،
، 3
)5%
ﻭﺃﺜﺭﻩ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻤﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﻭﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﻗﻴﻡ ﻤﻨﻔﺼل
ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﺒﻨﺴﺒﺔ
28(
،
30
،
%)31
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ
) 22%(
ﻭﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺒﻔﺭﻭﻕ ﻤﻌﻨﻭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻀﺤﺔ
ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻓﺔ
ﺇﻟﻰ
ﻗﻴﻡ ﻫﻴﻤﻭﻜﻠﻭﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ
8.6(
،
8.6
،
9.5
ﻏﻡ
100 /
ﻤل
)
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ
) 7(
ﻭﻴﻌﻠل ﺫﻟﻙ ﻜﻭﻥ
ﺇﻥ
ﺍﻟﺯﻨﺠﺒﻴل ﻤﺤﻔﺯ ﻟﻠﺸﻬﻴﺔ ﻭﻴﺸﺠﻊ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻀﻡ ﻭﻴﻌﻤل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻤﻌﺩل ﺍﻟﻜﺭﻴـﺎﺕ ﻓـﻲ
ﺍﻷﻏﺸﻴﺔ
ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻁﻴﺔ ﻟﻠ
ﻘﻨﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﻬﻀﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﺒﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﺴﺘﻬﻼﻙ ﺍﻟﻐﺫﺍﺀ ﻭﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻓﻴﺘﺎﻤﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﻤﻌﺎﺩﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ
) 26(
ﺃﻤﺎ
ﻋﻥ ﻋـﺩﺩ
ﻜﺭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺽ
ﻓ
ﻅﻬﺭﺕ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﻤﻌﻨﻭﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺩ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ
ﺃﻋﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎ
(
3633
،
3600
،
2550
/10 ×
ﻟﺘـﺭ
)
ﻭﻋﻴﻨـﺔ
ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ
(
2222
)
ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﻴﺘﻔﻕ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ
ﺃﻅﻬﺭﺕ
ﺇﻥ
ﺍﻟﺯ
ﻨ
ﺠﺒﻴل ﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﻨـﺎﻋ
ﻲ ﻭﺫﻟـﻙ
ﺒﺘﺤﻔﻴﺯ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻋﻲ
) 27(
ﻭﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل ﻨﻼﺤﻅ
ﺇﻥ
ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻙ ﻓﺭﻕ ﻤﻌﻨﻭﻱ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﺤﺘﻤـﺎل
(
0.05
)
ﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺴﻜﺭ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﺤﻴﺙ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ
(
60.7
،
75.2
،
79.5 mg/l
)
ﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ
).87(
ﺠﺩﻭل
) 2(
ﻴﻭﻀﺢ
ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﺯﻨﺠﺒﻴل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺒﻌﺽ
ﺼﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ
ﻟﻸﻏﻨﺎﻡ
ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺍﻗﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ
ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ
%pcv
Wbc
10/l×
Hb
g/100ml
Urea
Mg/l
Sugar
Mg/dl
.Chol
Mg/dl
.Cer
Mg/l
1%
28
3633
806
31.7
60.7
50
0.63
3%
30
3600
8.8
43.5
75.2
43
1.39
5%
31
2550
9.5
45
79.5
40
1.5
Control
22
2222
7
17
87
115
0.6
LSD5%
2.590
5.272
0.24
3.69
2.201
2.221
0.003
ﻭﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺘﺘﻔﻕ ﻤﻊ ﻤﺎ ﺠﺎﺀ ﺒﻪ
) 24(
ﺒﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ
ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ
ﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﺍﻟﺯﻨﺠﺒﻴل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺌـﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺼـﺎﺒﺔ ﺒـﺩﺍﺀ
ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺭﻱ ﺤﻴﺙ
ﺃﻅﻬﺭﺕ
ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ
ﺇﻥ
ﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﺍﻟﺯﻨﺠﺒﻴل ﻴﻘﻭﻡ ﺒﻭﻅﻴﻔﺔ
ﺃﻜﺴﺩﺓ
ﺍﻟﺩﻫﻭﻥ ﻭﻴﺨﻔﺽ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﺩﻫﻭﻥ ﻋﻨـﺩ
ﺍﻟﻔﺌﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺒﺔ ﺒﻤﺭﺽ ﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺭﻱ ﻭﺃﻴﻀﺎ ﻨﻼﺤﻅ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل
ﺇﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻙ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﻤﻌﻨﻭﻴﺔ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻗـﺭﺍﺀﺓ ﻤﺴـﺘﻭﻯ
ﻜﻭﻟﺴﺘﺭﻭل ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﻟﺩﻯ ﺍﻷﻏﻨﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺃﻋﻁﻴﺕ ﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﺍﻟﺯﻨﺠﺒﻴل ﺤﻴﺙ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ ﺒﻨﺴـﺏ
50(
،
43
،
40
mg/dl
)
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ
) 115(
ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﻴﺘﻔﻕ ﻤﻊ ﻤﺎ ﺠﺎﺀ ﺒﻪ
) 26(
ﺤﻴﺙ ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﺯﻨﺠﺒﻴل ﻴﺤﺘﻭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤـﻭﺍﺩ ﻓﻌﺎﻟـﺔ ﻤﺜـل
ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺠﺭﻭل ﻭﻜﻼﻨﺎل ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻼﻨﻭﻻﻜﺘﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ
ﺘﻌﻤل ﻜﻤﻀﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻟﻸﻜﺴﺩﺓ ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﺴﺎﻋﺩ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻨﻊ ﻭﻋﻼﺝ ﺍﻻﻟﺘﻬﺎﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤـﺎﺩﺓ
ﻭ
ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺤﺒﺔ ﻟﻸﻭﺭﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﺭﻁﺎﻨﻴﺔ
ﻭﻴﻅﻬﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل ﻗﻴﻡ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﻴﻭﺭﻴﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺼـل ﺩﻡ ﺍﻷﻏﻨـﺎﻡ ﻭﻜﺎﻨـﺕ
219
(
13.7
،
43.5
،
215 mg/l
)
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ
) 17(
ﻭﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻡ ﺘﻘﻊ ﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﻴﻭﺭﻴﺎ ﺃﻱ ﻻ ﻴﻭﺠﺩ
ﻓﺭﻕ ﻤ
ﻌﻨﻭﻱ ﻭﺍﻀﺢ ﻀﻤﻥ ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ
ﺃﻤﺎ ﺒﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻘﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﺭﻴﺎﺘﻴﻨﻴﻥ ﻓﻘﺩ ﻅﻬـﺭﺕ
(
0.63
،
1.34
،
1.5 mg/l
)
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ
) 0.6(
ﻭﻟﻡ ﺘﻅﻬﺭ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﻤﻌﻨﻭﻴﺔ ﻤﻬﻤﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎ ﻓﻘﺩ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ
.
ﻴﻅﻬـﺭ
ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل
) 3(
ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻴﺒﻴﻥ ﺘﺄﺜﺭ ﺇﻋﻁﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺌﻲ
ﻟﻠﺜﻭﻡ
ﺒﺜﻼﺙ ﺘﺭﺍﻜﻴﺯ ﺇﻟﻰ
ﻓﺭﻭﺝ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻡ ﻭﺒﻌﺽ ﻤﻌـﺎﻴﻴﺭ
ﺍﻟﺩﻡ
ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻭﺤﻴﻭﻴﺔ
،
ﺤﻴﺙ ﻨﻼﺤﻅ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﺍﺭﺘﻔﺎﻉ ﻤﻌﻨﻭﻱ ﻓﻲ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺤﺠﻡ ﺨﻼﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺭﺍﺼـﺔ ﻓﻜﺎﻨـﺕ
ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺏ
(
20.7
،
22.6
،
24.5
%)
ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ ﻤﻊ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﻨﺘﺭﻭل
)19(
،
ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﻴﻨﻌﻜﺱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﻫﻴﻤﻭﻜﻠﻭﺒﻴﻥ
ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺒﻠﻐﺕ
8.2(
،
8.9
،
) 9.4
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ
7(
ﻏﻡ
/
100ml
)
ﻭﻴﻌﻭﺩ ﺴﺒﺏ ﺫﻟﻙ ﺇﻥ ﺇﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺜﻭﻡ ﻴﺤﺴﻥ
ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻔﺎﺀﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﺴﻠﺠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺠﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﻬﻀﻤﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻔﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻴﺅﺩﻱ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺘﺤﺴﻥ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻹﻨﺘـﺎﺠﻲ
ﻭﻜﻔﺎﺀﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻭﻴل ﺍﻟﻐﺫﺍﺌﻲ
) 27(
ﻭﻓﻲ ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ ﻭﺠﺩ ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﺜ
ﻭﻡ ﻴﻘﺎﻭﻡ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺘﺨﺜﺭ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﻭﺘﺠﻠﻁﻪ
،
ﻭﻜـﺫﻟﻙ ﻟـﻪ
ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﺫ
ﺍﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﻠﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﻤﻭﻴﺔ ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﻴﺅﺩﻱ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﻟﻨﻘﺹ ﺍﻟﺘ
ﺭ
ﻭﻴﺔ ﻟﻸﻋﻀﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﻭﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ
.)28(
ﺠﺩﻭل
)3(
ﻴﻭﻀﺢ
ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﺜﻭﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺒﻌﺽ
ﺼﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ
ﻟﻔﺭﻭﺝ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻡ
ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ
%pcv
Wbc
10/l×
Hb
g/100ml
Urea
Mg/l
Sugar
Mg/dl
.Chol
Mg/dl
.Cer
Mg/l
1%
20.7
3600
8.2
17.5
55
49.2
0.6
3%
22
2992
8.9
20.4
51
44.3
0.8
5%
24.5
2001
9.4
25.60
44
40.2
1.9
Control
19
2950
7
17.3
56.2
51.7
0.5
LSD5%
1.02
10.23
1.220
2.023
1.92
2.76
0.001
ﻭﻜﺫﻟﻙ ﻴﻅﻬﺭ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل ﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩ ﻜﺭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺽ ﻟﻠﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﻓﻘﺩ ﻜﺎﻨـﺕ
(
3600
،
2992
،
2001
×
/10
ﻟﺘﺭ
)
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ
(
2950
)
ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﻴﻭﻀﺢ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﻤﻌﻨﻭﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻤﺠﺎﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﻴﻔﺴﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻨﻪ
ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﺴﺘﻌﻤﺎل ﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ ﻨﺒﺎﺘﻴﺔ ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻔﻴﺯ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻋﻲ ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ
ﻤﻭﺍﺩ
ﻓﻌﺎﻟﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺘﺎﺕ ﻭﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺼﺭ ﻟﻬﺎ
ﺩﻭﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺩﻓﺎﻉ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺒﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻀﻴﺔ
. )29(
ﻭﻓﻲ ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ ﺃﻭﻀ
ﺤﺕ ﺇﻥ ﺇﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻭﻡ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﻘﺔ ﺒﻤﺴﺘﻭﻴﺎﺕ
ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻟﻡ ﻴﺴﺒﺏ ﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺃﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﻜﺭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺭﺍﺀ ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻴﺴﺒﺏ ﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﻜﺭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺽ
. )33(
ﻭﻓـﻲ
ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ
) 30(
ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﻤﻭﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﻟﻤﺎ ﺠﺎﺀ ﺒﺎﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﺤﻭل ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺜﻭﻡ ﻜﻤﻀﺎﺩ ﺤﻴﻭﻱ ﻟﻠﻔﺎﻴﺭﻭﺴﺎﺕ
ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﺍﺤﺘﻭﺍﺀﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺎﺩﺓ
agoene
ﻭ
Allicin
ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ ﻭﻗﺩ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺜﻭﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺠﺎل ﺍﻟﻁـﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻁـﺭﻱ ﻜﻤﻀـﺎﺩ
ﻟﻠﻔﺎﻴﺭﻭﺴﺎﺕ ﻀﺩ ﻤﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﻨﻴﻭﻜﺎﺴل ﻋﻨﺩ ﺤﻘﻨﻪ ﺒﺎﻷﺠﻨﺤﺔ ﻭﻴﻌﺩ ﻤﺤﺼﻨﺎ ﻀﺩ ﺍﻹﺼﺎﺒﺔ ﺒﻬﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺽ ﻭﻗﺩ ﺘﺒﻴﻥ ﻤـﻥ
ﺨﻼل ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل ﺇﻥ
ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻙ ﻓﺭﻕ
ﻤﻌﻨﻭﻱ ﻓﻲ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻭﻜﻭﺯ ﻟﻤﺼل ﺍﻟﺩ
ﻡ ﻭﺒﻠﻐـﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺴـﺏ
55(
،
51
،
44
mg/dl
)
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ
(
56.2
)
ﻭﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭ ﺫﻟﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻥ ﻨﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﻭﻡ ﻴﺤﺘﻭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻻﻟﺴﻴﻥ
Allicin
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻘﻭﻡ
ﺒﺄﻜﺴﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺭﺒﻭﻫﻴﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺒﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺇﻅﻬﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﻭﺨﻔﺽ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻭﻜﻭﺯ
) 31(
ﻭﻤﻥ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻌـﺎﻴﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻭﺤﻴﻭﻴـﺔ
ﺍﻟﻤﺄﺨﻭﺫﺓ ﺒﻨﻅﺭ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻫﻭ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﻟﺴـﺘﺭﻭل ﺇﺫﺍ ﺒﻠﻐـﺕ
ﺍﻟﻨﺴـﺏ
(
49.2
،
44.3
،
40.2
mg/dl
)
ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ ﻤﻊ
ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ
(
51.7
)
ﺃﻱ ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻙ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﻤﻌﻨﻭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻀﺤﺔ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﺤﺘﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ
(
0.05
)
ﻭﺘﻌﻭﺩ
ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﺔ ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﺍﺤﺘﻭﺍﺀ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺎﻤل ﻤﻀﺎﺩ ﻟﺘﺨﺜﺭ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﻭﻜﺫﻟﻙ ﺘﺤﻭﻱ ﺍﻷﻟﻴﺎﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻭﻤﺎﺭﻴﻥ
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺎﻨﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺎﺒﻭﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﻓ
ﻲ ﺘﺜﺒﻴﻁ ﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻴﺴﺭﻴﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺜﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻭﻟﺴﺘﺭﻭل ﻭﺘﻤﻨﻊ ﺘﺠﻤﻌﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ
. )31(
ﻭﻴﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل
)3(
ﻋﺩﻡ
ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻕ ﻤﻌﻨﻭﻱ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﺤﺘﻤﺎل
(0.05
)
ﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﻴﻭﺭﻴﺎ ﺍﻟـﺩﻡ ﻭﺴـﺠﻠﺕ
ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺏ
(
17.5
،
20.4
،
25.60
mg/l
)
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ ﻤﻊ
ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ
(
)17.3
ﻭﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺘﻘﻊ ﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻭﺩ
ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌ
ﻴﺔ
. )25(
ﻭﻗﺩ ﺃﻭ
ﻀﺤﺕ
ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻨﻪ ﻟﻴﺱ ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻙ ﻓﺭﻕ ﻤﻌﻨﻭﻱ ﻅﺎﻫﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺜﻭﻡ
ﻭﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭﻩ ﻋﻠـﻰ
220
ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻜﺭﻴﺎﺘﻴﻨﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ
.
ﻭ
ﺘﺸﻴﺭ ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل
) 4(
ﻭﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻴﺒﻴﻥ
ﺇﻋﻁﺎﺀ
ﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﺍﻟﺯﻨﺠﺒﻴل
ﺇﻟﻰ
ﻓـﺭﻭﺝ
ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ
ﻭﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭﻩ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻴﻭﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺤﺴ
ﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺍﻜﻴﺯ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺩﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ
ﻭﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﺤﺠﻡ ﺨﻼﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺭﺍﺼﺔ
(P.C.V
)
ﺤﻴﺙ ﺒﻠﻐﺕ
(
19.3
،
20.2
،
22.5
%)
ﻓﻘﺩ ﻟﻭﺤﻅﺕ ﻓﺭﻭﻗﺎﺕ ﻤﻌﻨﻭﻴﺔ
ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﺤﺘﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ
(
0.05
)
ﻭﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺘﻬﺎ ﻤﻊ ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ
%)19(
،
ﻭﻜﺫﻟﻙ ﻨﻼﺤﻅ
ﺇﻥ
ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻫﻴﻤﻭﻜﻠﻭﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ
8.1(
،
8.9
،
9.9
ﻏﻡ
100 /
ﻤل
.)
ﺠﺩﻭل
)4(
ﻴﻭﻀﺢ
ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﺯﻨﺠﺒﻴل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺒﻌﺽ
ﺼﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ
ﻟﻔﺭﻭﺝ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻡ
ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ
%pcv
Wbc
10/l×
Hb
g/100ml
Urea
Mg/l
Sugar
Mg/dl
.Chol
Mg/dl
.Cer
Mg/l
1%
19.3
3001
8.1
18.3
54
46.2
0.60
3%
20.2
3500
8.9
20.5
52
44.8
0.69
5%
22.5
3040
9.9
22.9
49
40.3
0.70
Control
19
3950
7
17.3
56.2
51.7
0.5
LSD5%
1.66
4.926
0.017
0.230
1.112
2.671
0.003
ﺤﻴﺙ ﺍﺯﺩﺍﺩﺕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ ﻤﻊ ﻋﻴﻨﺔ
ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ
) 7(
ﻭﻴﺭﺠﻊ ﺴﺒﺏ ﺫﻟﻙ ﻜﻭﻥ ﻨﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺯﻨﺠﺒﻴل ﻴﺤﺘـﻭﻱ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﻋﻁﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﻴﺤﺘﻭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﺔ ﺘﻌﻤل ﻜﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﻤﻨﻜﻬﺔ ﻭﻤﺤﻔﺯﺍﺕ ﻫﻀﻤﻴﺔ
ﻭﺃﻴﻀـﺎ
ﺘﻌﻤـل
ﻜﻤﻀـﺎﺩﺍﺕ
ﺠﺭﺜﻭﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺭﺍﺜﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻭﻴﺔ ﻭﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﺭﺍﺜﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻭﻴﺔ ﺘﺅﺩﻱ
ﺇﻟﻰ
ﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ ﻤـﻥ ﺍﻟﻤـﻭﺍﺩ
ﺍﻟﻐﺫﺍﺌﻴﺔ ﻭﺒﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ
.)32(
ﻭﻟﻘﺩ ﺃﻭﻀﺤﺕ ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩ ﻜﺭﻴ
ﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺽ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل
) 4(
ﻭﺠﻭﺩ
ﻓﺭﻕ ﻤﻌﻨﻭﻱ ﻓﻘﺩ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻨﺴﺒﺘﻬﺎ
(
3001
،
3500
،
3040
/10 ×
ﻟﺘﺭ
)
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ
(
3950
)
ﻭﻴﻌﻭﺩ ﺴﺒﺏ ﺫﻟﻙ ﻜﻭﻥ
ﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺯﻨﺠﺒﻴل ﻟﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺤﻔﻴﺯ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻭﻴﺔ ﻭﺘﺤﻔﻴﺯ ﺇﻓﺭﺍﺯ
Cytokine
ﻤﻥ ﺍﺠل ﺍﻟﺩﻓﺎﻉ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﻀﺩ
ﺍﻹﺼﺎﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺘﻴﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻁﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﻴﺭﻭﺴﻴﺔ
. )27(
ﻭﻴﻭﻀﺢ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻕ ﻤﻌﻨﻭﻱ ﻭﺍﻀـﺢ ﻓـﻲ ﻤﺴـﺘﻭﻯ
ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻭﻜﻭﺯ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺼل ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﺇﺫ ﺒﻠﻐﺕ
ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺏ ﺤﺴﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺍﻜﻴﺯ ﺍﻟﻤﺄﺨﻭﺫﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ
54(
،
52
،
49
mg/dl
)
ﻭﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ
ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ
(
56.2
)
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺍﻟﻲ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺍﻨﺨﻔﺽ ﻜﻠﻭﻜﻭﺯ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﺒﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﻴﺘﻔﻕ ﻤﻊ
) 24(
ﺤﻴﺙ ﻭﺠﺩ ﺇﻥ ﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﺯﻨﺠﺒﻴل ﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﺔ ﻤﺅﻜﺴﺩﺓ ﻟﻠﻜﺎﺭﺒﻭﻫﻴﺩﺭﺍﺕ
ﺘﻘﻠل ﻤﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻭﻜﻭﺯ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ
.
ﻭﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل
) 4(
ﻴﺘﺒ
ﻴﻥ
ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﻤﻌﻨﻭﻴﺔ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﺤﺘﻤﺎل
(
0.05
)
ﻓﻲ ﻜﻭﻟﺴﺘﺭﻭل ﻤﺼل ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﻟﻔﺭﻭﺝ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺃﻋﻁﻴﺕ ﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺹ
ﺍﻟﺯﻨﺠﺒﻴل ﺇﺫ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻡ
(
46.2
،
44.8
،
40.3
mg/dl
)
ﺤﻴﺙ ﻨﻼﺤﻅ ﺍﻨﺨﻔﺎﺽ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯﻩ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ ﻤﻊ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋـﺔ
ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ
(
)51.7
،
ﻭﻗﺩ ﻴﻌﺯﻯ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻻﻨﺨﻔﺎﺽ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻨﺨﻔﺎﺽ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺇﻨﺯﻴﻡ
Acetylcholine esterase
ﻓﻲ ﻤﺼل
ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺅﻭل ﻋﻥ ﺘﻜﻭﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﻟﺴﺘﺭﻭل ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺩ ﻭﺒﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺘﻤﻨﻊ ﺘﺠﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺩﻫﻭﻥ ﻭﺘﺯﻴﺩ ﺇﻓﺭﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺭﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺤﻠل
ﺍﻟﺩﻫﻭﻥ
. )34(
ﻭﺃﻅﻬﺭﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺒﺎﻥ ﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﻭﺭﻴﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺩﻡ ﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﺭﻭﺝ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻡ ﻋﺩﻡ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﻤﻌﻨﻭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻀـﺤﺔ
ﺤﻴﺙ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺏ
(
18.3
،
20.5
،
22.9 mg/l
)
ﻋﻨﺩ
ﺇﻋﻁﺎﺀ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﺯﻨﺠﺒﻴل ﻤﻊ ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺴـﻴﻁﺭﺓ
(
17.3
)
ﻭﻟﻘﺩ
ﺃﻭﻀﺢ
ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﻜﺭﻴﺎﺘﻴﻨﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ
ﺇﺫ
ﺒﻠﻐﺕ
(
0.60
،
0.69
،
0.70 mg/l
)
ﺤﻴﺙ
ﻟﻡ ﺘﺴﺠل ﻓﺭﻕ ﻤﻌﻨﻭﻱ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﺤﺘﻤﺎل
(
0.05
)
ﻭﻨﻤﻭﺫﺝ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ
(
0.003
. )
ﻭﻤﻥ ﺫﻟﻙ ﻨﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺍﻨـﻪ ﻟـﻴﺱ
ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻙ ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ
ﻭﺍﻀﺢ
ﺒﺎﻟ
ﻨﺴﺒﺔ
ﻟﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ
ﺍﻟﻴﺭﻭﺭﻴﺎ
ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺭﻴﺎﺘﻴﻨﻴﻥ ﻟﻔﺭﻭﺝ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻡ
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻤل ﺒﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﺍﻟﺯﻨﺠﺒﻴل ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺌﻲ
.
221
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
control
1%
3%
5%
PCV
Hb
WBC*100
Urea
Sugar*10
Chol.*10
.Car
ﺸﻜل
) 1(
ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﺜﻭﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺼﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﻟﻸﻏﻨﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺍﻗﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
control
1%
3%
5%
PCV
Hb
WBC*100
Urea
Sugar*10
Chol.*10
.Car
ﺸﻜل
) 2(
ﺘﺄ
ﺜﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﺯﻨﺠﺒﻴل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺼﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﻟﻸﻏﻨﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺍﻗﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
control
1%
3%
5%
PCV
Hb
WBC*100
Urea
Sugar*10
Chol.*10
.Car
ﺸﻜل
) 3(
ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﺜﻭﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺼﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﻟﻔﺭﻭﺝ
ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻡ
222
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
control
1%
3%
5%
PCV
Hb
WBC*100
Urea
Sugar*10
Chol.*10
.Car
ﺸﻜل
) 4(
ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﺯﻨ
ﺠﺒﻴل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺼﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﻟﻔﺭﻭﺝ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻡ
ﺍﻟﻤﺼ
ـﺎﺩﺭ
.1
ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻨﻲ
،
ﻭﺠﻴﻪ ﻴﻭﻨﺱ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ
. (
2002
. )
ﺍﺴﺘﺨﻼﺹ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻜﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺴﺤﻭﻕ ﺜﻤـﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺸـﻭﻙ
(
ﺍﻟﺨﺭﻨـﻭﺏ
)
Prosopis Farcta
ﻭﻓﺼﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﻭﻴﺔ
.
ﺃﻁﺭﻭﺤﺔ
ﺩﻜﺘﻭﺭﺍﻩ
،
ﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻭﻡ
،
ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ
ﺍﻷﻨﺒﺎﺭ
.
.2
ﺍﻟﺸﺤﺎﺕ
،
ﻨﺼﺭ
ﺃﺒﻭ
ﺯﻴﺩ
. (
2000
. )
ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺘﺎﺕ
ﻭﺍﻷﻋﺸﺎﺏ
ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﺔ
.
ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻌ
ﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﺸﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ
.
ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ
.
.3. Jamroz, D. & Kamel, C. (2002). Plant extracts enhance broiler proformance. J
.(Anim. Sci., 80(Suppli):41(Abstract
4. Hassan, S. A. & Muhamad, S. M. N. (2007). Effect of barley straw treatment with
urea on chemical composition, In vitro digestibility, pH, and phenolic
compound, Aerobic and un anaerobic bacteria. 6th Scientific Conf. for
.Agric. Res. Iraq., 12(3):136-144
.5
ﺍﻟﺸﺤﺎﺕ
،
ﻨﺼﺭ
ﺃﺒﻭ
ﺯﻴﺩ
. (
1986
. )
ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺘﺎﺕ
ﻭﺍﻷﻋﺸﺎﺏ
ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﻭﻁﻥ
ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻲ ﻟﻠﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍﺌﻴﺔ
,
ﻤﺠﻠﺔ
ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍﺌﻴﺔ
39(
–
47
–
). 70
ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺎﺭ
–
ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ
.
.6
ﻤﺤﻤﺩ
،
ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺝ ﻗﺎﺴﻡ
. (
1997
. )
ﻭﻗﻔﺔ
ﺘﺄﻤل
ﻭﺘﻘﻴﻴﻡ ﻟﻌﻤل ﺍﻟﻌ
ﻁﺎﺭﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺩﺍﻭﻴﻥ ﺒﺎﻻﻋﺸﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﺔ
،
ﻤﺠﻠﺔ
ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻲ
.
ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺴﺔ ﻋﺸﺭﺓ
.
ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ
2
ﺹ
.173-176 :
.7
ﺴﻌﺩ
،
ﺸﻜﺭﻱ
ﺇﺒﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ
؛
ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻀﻲ
،
ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ؛ ﺼﺎﻟﺢ
،
ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﺭ
ﻴﻡ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ؛ ﺨﻠﻑ ﺍﷲ
،
ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺯﻴﺯ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ
. (
1988
. )
ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﺔ ﻭ
ﺍﻟﻌﻁﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺎﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻭﻁﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻲ
.
ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ
ﺍﻟﺩﻭل ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺯﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ
.
.8
ﺍﻟﺠﺒﻭﺭﻱ
،
ﻋﻠﻲ ﻋﻭﺍﺩ
. (
1994
. )
ﻋﻠﻡ
ﺍﻷﺩﻭﻴﺔ
ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ
.
ﻜﻠﻴﺔ
ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺩﻟﺔ
–
ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺒﻐﺩﺍﺩ
.
.9
ﻋﺭﻤﻭﺵ
،
ﻫﺎﻨﻲ
. (
2007
. )
ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ
ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻟﻴل ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺼﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﻨﺯﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺌﺹ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺯﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻜﺘﻴﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍ
ﻟﺤﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﺩﺠﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﺽ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻥ
.
ﺃﻁﺭﻭﺤﺔ
ﺍﻟﺩﻜﺘﻭﺭﺍﻩ
،
ﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺯﺭ
ﺍﻋﺔ
،
ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ
ﺍﻷﻨﺒﺎﺭ
.
.10
ﻴﻭﺴﻑ
،
ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻋﺎﻤﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ
. (
1996
).
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺴﺭﻁﺎﻥ
.
ﻤﻨﺸﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﺩﺍﺭ ﻋﻼ
ﺀ ﺍﻟﺩﻴﻥ
.
ﻟﻠﻨﺸـﺭ
.
ﺩﻤﺸﻕ
-
ﺴﻭﺭﻴﺎ
.
.11
ﺍﻷﻴﻭﺒﻲ
،
ﻋﻤﺭ
. (
2003
).
ﺍﻟﻁﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺩﻴل
–
ﺍﻟ
ﺘﺩﺍﻭﻱ ﺒﺎﻻﻋﺸﺎﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﺔ
,
ﻜﺘـﺎﺏ ﻤﺘـﺭﺠﻡ
-
ﻻﻨـﺩﺭﻭﺍ
ﺸﻭﻤﻴﻠﻴﻪ
–
ﺃﻜﺎﺩﻴﻤﻴﺔ
ﺍﻨﺘﺭﻨﺎﺸﻴﻭﻨﺎل ﻟﻠﻨﺸﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻁﺒﺎﻋﺔ
،
ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ
–
ﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ
.
.12
ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻌﺎﻭﻱ
،
ﺤﺴﺎﻥ
. (
2008
. )
ﺍﻻﻋﺸﺎﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺘﺎﺕ ﺍ
ﻟﻁﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻋﺎﻟﺞ ﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺭﺴﻭل ﻤﺤ
ﻤﺩ
.
ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻌﺔ
ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ
.
) 13. Gujral, S. (1974). Effect of gingerZingiber officinal) oleoresin on serum and
.hepatic cholesterol level in Cholesterol fed rats. Nut. Rep. Int., 17:183-189
.14. Powers, L. M. (1989). Diagnostic Hematology clinical and Technical principles
.Mosby company United state of America
223
.15
ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ
،
ﺼﺒﺎ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ﺤﺎﻤﺩ
. (
1993
. )
ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ
ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺒﻁ ﻟﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺼﺎ
ﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺘﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺒﻜﺘﺭﻴﺎ ﺤﻤﻰ
ﻤﺎﻟﻁﺔ
.
ﺭﺴﺎﻟﺔ ﻤﺎﺠﺴﺘﻴﺭ
.
ﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻭﻡ
،
ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺼل
.
.16
ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺼﻭﺭ
،
ﻤﺎﻫﺭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﻋﻠﻲ
. (
1995
. )
ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ
ﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺼﺎﺕ ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻨﺒﺎﺘﺎﺕ ﻗﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﻐﺯﺍل ﻓ
ﻲ
ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ
ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺘﻲ
ﻟﻠﺫﺒﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺎﺀ
.
ﺃﻁﺭﻭﺤﺔ
ﺩﻜﺘﻭﺭﺍﻩ
،
ﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻭﻡ
،
ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺭﺓ
.
.17
ﺃﻟﺴﻼﻤﻲ
،
ﻨﺒﺭﺍﺱ ﻴﺤﻴﻰ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ
. (
2006
. )
ﺩﺭﺍﺴـﺔ
ﺘـﺄﺜﻴﺭ
ﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺼـﺎﺕ ﻨﺒـﺎﺘﻲ ﺍﻟﻴـﺎﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﺜـﻭﻡ ﻓـﻲ
ﺒﻜﺘﺭﻴﺎ
aeruginosa
Pseudomonas
ﺨﺎﺭﺝ ﻭﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﺍﻟ
ﺤﻲ
.
ﺭﺴﺎﻟﺔ ﻤﺎﺠﺴـﺘﻴﺭ
،
ﻜﻠﻴـﺔ
ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﻨﺎﺕ
،
ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻟ
ﻜﻭﺕ
.
18. Sood, R. (1989). Practical pathology and Microbiology(eds). Jaupes Brothers, New
.Delhi. India
19. Daniel, W. W. (1999). Biostatistics; A Foundation for analysis in the health
Sciences. 7th .ed, John Wiley and Sons, Ins. New York
20. Varely, H.; Gownlock, A. H. & Bell, M. (1980). Practical Clinical Biochemistry. 5th
.ed. William Heinemann Medical Books Ltd., London
21. Braun, L. & Cohen, M. (2007). Licorice. In: Herbs and Natural Supplents. 2nd .ed
.Elsevier Australia. PP.786-807
22. Duke, J.; Bogenschutz-Godwin, M. J.; Ducellier, G. & Duke, P. K. (2002). Hand
book of Medicinal Herbs. 2nd ,ed. CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, Fl., USA
.PP.461-466
.23. Borek, C. (1997). Antioxidants and cancer. Sci. Med., PP:51-62
.24
ﺴﺎﺒﻕ
،
ﺨﻠﻭﺩ ﺒﻨﺕ ﺨﺎﻟﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ
. (
2010
. )
ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ
ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ ﻏﺫﺍﺌﻲ ﻴﺤﺘﻭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟ
ﺯﻨﺠﺒﻴل ﻓﻲ ﻋﻼﺝ ﺍﺨـﺘﻼل
ﺩﻫﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﻡ
.
ﺭﺴﺎﻟﺔ ﻤﺎﺠﺴﺘﻴﺭ
.
ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ
ﺃ
ﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻯ
-
ﻤﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺭﻤﺔ
.
ﺹ
.56-60 :
25. Hassan, S. A. & Hassan, K. M. (2009a). Effect of graded levels of rumen
degradable nitrogen and Nigella Sativa on daily intake live weight gain feed
conversion ratio and some blood parameters of Karadi lambs. 7th Scientific
.Conf. for Agraic. Res. Iraq
.26
ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺩﻴﺔ
،
ﺍﺤﻤﺩ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻋﻠﻲ
. (
2010
. )
ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻤﺭﻀﻴﺔ
ﻟﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ
ﺍﻟﺯﻨﺠﺒﻴل ﻜﻤﻀﺎﺩ ﻟﻔﺭﻁ ﺍﻟﺩﻫﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠـﺭﺫﺍﻥ
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺭﻀﺔ
ﻟﻺﺠﻬﺎﺩ
ﺃﻟﺘﺄﻜﺴﺩﻱ
.
ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻠﺔ
ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺍﻗﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﻠﻭﻡ ﺍ
ﻟﺒﻴﻁﺭﻴﺔ
.)24 )2 .
.27
ﺍﻟﺒﺩﻱ
،
ﻤﻌﺩ ﻋﺒ
ﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﺭﻴﻡ
ﻭ
ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻨﻲ
،
ﺍﺤﻤﺩ ﺨﺎﻟﺩ
. (
2009
. )
ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ
ﺇﻀﺎﻓﺔ
ﻤﺴﺤﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﺤﺒـﺔ ﺍﻟﺴـﻭﺩﺍﺀ
Nigella
sativa
ﻭﻤﺴﺤﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﺜﻭﻡ
Aliam sativa
ﺇﻟﻰ
ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﻘﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺕ
ﺍﻹﻨﺘﺎﺠﻴﺔ
ﻟﻔﺭﻭﺝ ﺍﻟﻠﺤـﻡ
.
ﻤﺠﻠﺔ
ﺍﻷﻨﺒﺎﺭ
ﻟﻠﻌﻠﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﺯﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ
):7 )4.
ﻤﻘﺒﻭل ﻟﻠﻨﺸﺭ
.
.28
ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺩﻭل ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ،
ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺯ
ﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ
.
(1988
.)
ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻁﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺎﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﻭﻁﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻲ
.
ﺍﻟﺨﺭﻁﻭﻡ
-
ﺍﻟﺴﻭﺩﺍﻥ
.
ﺩﺍﺭ ﻤﺼﺭ ﻟﻠﻁﺒﺎﻋﺔ،
ﺹ
.295-296:
.29. Dixon, R. A.; Dry, P. M. & Lamb, C. J. (1983). Vol Jakarta, Asean
30. Mohammed, H. S. & Al-Attar, M. Y. (2001). Antiviral effect of Allium Sativum
.extract. Iraq. J. Pharm., 1(1):46-50
.31
ﺍﻷﺴﺩﻱ
،
ﺇﺨﻼﺹ
ﺤﺎﺘﻡ ﻋﺒﺩ
ﺍﻷﻤﻴﺭ
. (
2000
).
ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ
ﺍﻟﻠﻜﺘﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺯﻭل ﻤﻥ ﺒﺫﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺤﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻭﺩﺍﺀ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ
ﺴ
ﻜﺭ ﻭﻜﻭﻟﺴﺘﺭﻭل ﻭﺒﺭﻭﺘﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻤﺼل ﺍﻟﺩﻡ
.
ﺭﺴﺎﻟﺔ ﻤﺎﺠﺴﺘﻴﺭ
،
ﻓﺴﻠﺠﺔ ﺤﻴﻭﺍﻥ
،
ﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻁﺭﻱ
،
ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺒﻐﺩﺍﺩ
.
32. Fuller, R.; Cole, C. B. & Coates, M. E. (1984). The role of Streptococcus faecium
in antibiotic-relived growth depression in Chickens, P.395-404. In M:wood
.Bine (ed.), Antimicrobials and Agriculture. Butter worth's, London
.33
ﻜﺭﻴﻡ
،
ﺴﺎﻤﻴﺔ ﺨﻠﻴل ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ
( .
2006
).
ﺘﺤﺴﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻤﺔ
ﻭﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ
ﺍﻹﻨﺘ
ﺎﺠﻲ
ﻟﻔﺭﻭﺝ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻡ
ﻹﻤﺭﺍﺽ
ﻨﻴﻭﻜﺎﺴل ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻤﺒـﻭﺭﺍ
ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺒﺫ
ﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺤﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻭﺩﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻠﺒﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻭﻡ
.
ﺃﻁﺭﻭﺤﺔ
ﺩﻜﺘﻭﺭﺍﻩ
،
ﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻁﺭﻱ
-
ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺒﻐﺩﺍﺩ
.
34. Bordia, A.; Verma, S. K. & Srivastava, K. C. (1997). Effect of ginger (Zingiber
officinal rose) and fenugreek (Trigonella foenum) on blood lipids, and
Platelet aggregation in Patients with coronary artery disease. Prostag and
.Leukotrienes Essential Fatty acids May, 56(5):379-384
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